Why ortho and para nitrophenol are more acidic than simple phenol and meta nitrophenol?

Why ortho and para nitrophenol are more acidic than simple phenol and meta nitrophenol?

An inductive effect is an electronic effect due to the polarisation of σ bonds within a molecule or ion. Thus, ortho and para-nitrophenols are more acidic than m-nitrophenol is a little less acidic than p-nitrophenol because of intramolecular hydrogen bonding which makes the loss of a proton difficult to remove.

Why is ortho and para nitrophenol more acidic than phenol?

The nitro-group is an electron-withdrawing group. The presence of this group in the ortho or para position decreases the electron density in the O? H bond. Hence, ortho and para nitrophenols are stronger acids than phenol.

Why is meta nitrophenol more acidic than phenol?

3-nitrophenol or m-nitrophenol is more acidic than phenol due to electron attracting nature of NO2 group. Concept- As we all know NO2 has both -I and -M effect,so after removal of H+ conjugate base will be formed and if it is stabilized it will make easier deprotonation.

Why is phenol less acidic than m-nitrophenol?

Phenol has no group that stabilises the negative charge on the resulting phenoxide ion through -M or -I effect (a deactivating group). Therefore, it’s the weakest acid of all under investigation. ortho-Nitrophenol phenoxide ion is stabilised by -R and -I effect where both -I and -R effect are maximum.

Why is meta amino phenol more acidic than Ortho amino phenol?

In m-amino phenol, therefore, the electron density around H of O—H group decreases and H can easily be removed as H+ ion. Hence, m-amino phenol is more acidic than o-amino phenol.

Is Ortho more acidic than para?

Ortho nitrophenol is less acidic than para nitrophenol because of the intermolecular hydrogen bonding which makes the loss of proton very difficult. So, para nitrophenol is more acidic.

Why is para methyl phenol less acidic than phenol?

Now , in para methyl phenoxide ion due to +I effect of methyl group , the density of electron on oxygen ion increases . So the stability of para methyl phenoxide ion is decrease than phenoxide ion . Consequently, para methyl phenol is less acidic than phenol .

Which is more acidic phenol or methyl phenol?

Resonance in phenol: Phenol is less acidic as compared to the above two because no electron withdrawing group is present and there is no inductive or resonance effect. Methyl phenol shows the electron donating inductive effect, hence it is least acidic among the following.

Why Ortho nitrophenol is less soluble in water than para nitrophenol?

Ortho -nitrophenol is less soluble in water than p-and m-nitrophenols because. o-nitrophenol is more volatile stema than those of the and p-isomers. There is intramolecular H-bonding in o-nitrophenol and thus solubility in water is decreased.

Why is para nitrophenol more acidic than ortho-nitrophenols?

But in para -nitrophenol, there is no interamolecular H-bonding taking place. So that’s why para -nitrophenol is more acidic than ortho -nitrophenol. So, by increasing order of acidity, para -nitrophenol > ortho -nitrophenol > meta -nitrophenol. Share.

Why is 3-5-dimethyl-4-nitrophenol more acidic than phenol?

3,5-dimethyl-4-nitrophenol (pKa = 8.25) is “MORE” acidic than phenol (pKa = 10). In the 3,5-dimethyl nitrophenol, steric effects come into play and influence the acidity. Due to SIR effect by two methyl groups at positions “ortho” to “nitro” group, Nitro group goes “out of plane” & hence unable to withdraw electron by –R effect from benzene ring.

Why is ortho methoxyphenol less acidic than other methoxiphenol?

In ortho methoxyphenol, electron releasing methoxy group is present in ortho position, the electron density of O−H bond is increased. This makes removal of proton difficult. Hence, ortho methoxyphenol is less acidic. Answer verified by Toppr

Why is the electron density reduced in ortho nitro phenol?

In ortho nitro phenol, electron withdrawing nitro group is present in ortho position, the electron density of O−Hbond is reduced. This makes removal of proton easy. After deprotonation, o-nitrophenoxide ion is resonance stabilized.