Why is nitration of toluene faster than benzene?

Why is nitration of toluene faster than benzene?

1. Toluene has a methyl group on the benzene ring which is electron releasing group and hence activate the benzene ring by pushing the electrons on the benzene ring. The methyl group hence makes it around 25 times more reactive than benzene. Therefore it undergoes nitration easily than benzene.

Does toluene undergo nitration faster than benzene?

Also, as noted earlier, toluene undergoes nitration about 25 times faster than benzene, but chlorination of toluene is over 500 times faster than that of benzene. From this we may conclude that the nitration reagent is more reactive and less selective than the halogenation reagents.

Does toluene react faster than benzene?

Phenol and toluene are nitrated faster than benzene, whose relative rate of reaction is set at 1. Both a hydroxyl group and a methyl group make the aromatic ring more reactive compared to benzene; they are activating groups. On the other hand, chlorobenzene and nitrobenzene react more slowly than benzene.

Why is nitration of toluene faster than nitration of nitrobenzene?

The sulfuric acid protonates the nitronium centre, and delivers an NO+2 electrophile. And of course the parent nitric acid, has formal charge separation in its Lewis representation… And so toluene should be more reactive towards electrophilic substitution than unsubstituted benzene.

Why is toluene more reactive to nitration than nitrobenzene?

The structure of benzoic acid is, Here, COOH group is an electron withdrawing group. So, electrophilic nitration is less reactive in benzoic acid than benzene as the nitro group is also an electron withdrawing group. So, the compound which is more reactive towards electrophilic nitration is toluene.

Why is toluene more stable than benzene?

A: Toluene is more reactive than benzene towards electrophilic substitution reaction. R: Presence of -CH, group increases the electron density at o/p positions in toluene and make the benzene ring more reactive towards Se reaction.

Why reactivity of no2 benzene is slow in comparison to benzene?

Notice that nitrobenzene is less reactive than benzene because the nitro group is a deactivating substituent. Notice also that meta-substitution reactions on nitrobenzene are faster than para-substitution reactions because the nitro group is a meta-directing group.

Will nitration of toluene be slower or faster than nitration of nitrobenzene?

The nitration of methylbenzene (toluene) Methylbenzene reacts rather faster than benzene – in nitration, the reaction is about 25 times faster.

Which will undergo nitration faster than benzene?

Nitration of toluene is easier than benzene.

Why is nitration of nitrobenzene slower than nitration of benzene?

Because the benzene acts as a nucleophile in electrophilic aromatic substitution, substituents that make the benzene more electron-rich can accelerate the reaction. Phenol, C6H5OH, undergoes nitration a thousand times faster than benzene does. Nitrobenzene, C6H5NO2, undergoes the reaction millions of times more slowly.

What is the difference between toluene and benzene?

Toluene is methyl-benzene and according to the question we are comparing it with benzene ( in context of nitration obviously) Now of the many substituents that could be added to the benzene ring, the methyl group which is added to the benzene ring confers it special properties making it different from benzene .

What is nitnitration of toluene?

Nitration of Toluene (Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution) Electrophilic aromatic substitution represents an important class of reactions in organic synthesis.

How do you activate the benzene ring in toluene?

As you know from the structures of both the compounds that toluene has a methyl group on the benzene ring which is electron releasing group and hence activate the benzene ring by pushing the elctrons on the benzene ring.

Why is benzene more easily nitrated than methylene?

The above said positions (ortho and para) are the most reactive towards an electron-poor electrophile, thus promoting electrophillic substitution reaction. The methyl group hence makes it around 25 times more reactive than benzene hence making its nitration more easier than that of benzene.