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Who was chosen to be the first caliph by the Muslim community?
The first caliph was Abu Bakr and the last caliph was Abdulmejid II. The first caliphate, the Rāshidun Caliphate, immediately succeeded Muhammad after his death in 632. The four Rāshidun caliphs were chosen through shura, a process of community consultation that some consider to be an early form of Islamic democracy.
Who were the first 4 Caliphs of Islam?
Rashidun, (Arabic: “Rightly Guided,” or “Perfect”), the first four caliphs of the Islamic community, known in Muslim history as the orthodox or patriarchal caliphs: Abū Bakr (reigned 632–634), ʿUmar (reigned 634–644), ʿUthmān (reigned 644–656), and ʿAlī (reigned 656–661).
What did Abu Bakr do as caliph?
As Caliph, Abu Bakr brought all of central Arabia under Muslim control and was successful in spreading Islam further through conquest. He also played a major role in compiling and preserving the Quran, which, according to Sunni Muslim tradition, was later completed by Uthman.
What do u mean by Caliph?
successor
caliph, Arabic khalīfah (“successor”), in Islamic history the ruler of the Muslim community.
Who was the first caliph of Islam after Muhammad?
This was taken as a sign that the Prophet had chosen Abu Bakr to succeed him, and after Muhammad’s death, Abu Bakr was accepted as the first “deputy of the Prophet of God,” or caliph. Another faction preferred Muhammad’s son-in-law Ali as caliph, but Ali eventually submitted, and Abu Bakr took over governance of all Muslim Arabs.
Who was the first caliph to abdicate the Caliphate?
After the death of Ali, the Muslims selected Al-Hasan as Caliph, he ruled for six or seven months. Successfully made a treaty with governor Mu’awiyah that led to the latter assuming political power. Al-Hasan Abdicated the Caliphate in 661. He was the first Caliph in Islam to abdicate the caliphate.
How successful was Uthman’s rule in the Caliphate?
Caliphate become very prosperous and the military campaigns under Uthman’s rule were generally successful. He was the Chief Judge of Caliphate under Omar’s reign. He was also one of the Advisors of Uthman. After Uthman died, he was elected as the next Caliph. The Later period of his reign coincided with Battle of Siffin.
What did Abu Bakr do to spread Islam in Arabia?
As Caliph, Abu Bakr brought all of central Arabia under Muslim control and was successful in spreading Islam further through conquest. He also saw to it that the Prophet’s sayings were preserved in written form.