Table of Contents
Which method is used for underground tunnel construction?
Pipe jacking method is used to construct tunnels under existing structures like road ways, railways etc. In this method, specially made pipes are driven into underground using hydraulic jacks. Maximum size of 3.2-meter diameter is allowed for tunnels.
Which method for Tunnelling in hard rock is used if the quality of the rock is bad or if it contains excessive water?
The side drift, however, has the advantage that it permits the use of timber to support the roof. (a) If the quality of the rock is bad or if it contains excessive water, this is detected in advance and corrective measures can then be taken in time. (b) A drift assists in the ventilation of tunnels.
How do you reinforce an underground tunnel?
Spray concrete on the excavated walls between the support rings. The sprayed concrete, or shotcrete, coats and stabilizes the tunnel walls. The shotcrete may include steel or polypropylene fibers to strengthen it, much the way steel rebar is used to strengthen cast concrete.
How are tunnels constructed?
There are three basic types of tunnel construction in common use: Cut-and-cover tunnel, constructed in a shallow trench and then covered over. Bored tunnel, constructed in situ, without removing the ground above. Immersed tube tunnel, sunk into a body of water and laid on or buried just under its bed.
Which one of the following method of tunneling is used in hard rock?
The heading and Benching method of tunneling is used in hard rock cutting. The tunnel cross-section is divided into two parts, the top portion of the tunnel is known as the heading, and the bottom portion is a bench. Usually, this method is adopted for railway tunnels.
How do you make an underground hideout?
How to Build an Underground Bunker in 9 Steps
- Get Permission. The most important thing to do is to get the proper permits.
- Choose the Location.
- Develop a Blueprint.
- Pick the Right Bunker Building Material.
- Choose the Right Excavating Equipment.
- Acquire Key Living Materials.
- Start Digging.
- Reinforce the Shelter.
Why are tunnels constructed?
Objectives: Tunnels are underground passages used for transportation. Tunnels avoid disturbing or interfering with surface life and traffic during construction. Tunnels prove to be cheaper than bridges or open cuts to carry public utility services like water, sewer and gas.