Table of Contents
When did Montenegro separate from the Ottoman Empire?
In the aftermath of the Russian victory against the Ottoman Empire in the Russo-Turkish War of 1877–1878, the major powers restructured the map of the Balkan region. The Ottoman Empire recognised the independence of Montenegro in the Treaty of Berlin in 1878.
When did the Balkans gain independence?
By the early 20th century, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro and Serbia had achieved independence from the Ottoman Empire, but large elements of their ethnic populations remained under Ottoman rule. In 1912, these countries formed the Balkan League.
Who colonized Montenegro?
During the 3rd century bce an indigenous Illyrian kingdom emerged with its capital at Skadar (modern Shkodër, Alb.). The Romans mounted several punitive expeditions against local pirates and finally conquered this kingdom in 9 ce, annexing it to the province of Illyricum.
Was Bosnia part of the Ottoman Empire?
The Ottoman rule lasted for over four hundred years, until 1878, although nominally Bosnia-Herzegovina remained Ottoman territory (without actual effective rule) until 1908 when it officially became part of Austria-Hungary.
Who was the first Balkan state to become independent?
Most of the Balkan nation-states emerged during the 19th and early 20th centuries as they gained independence from the Ottoman Empire or the Austro-Hungarian empire: Greece in 1821, Serbia, and Montenegro in 1878, Romania in 1881, Bulgaria in 1908 and Albania in 1912.
How did Montenegro get its independence?
In 1042, Stefan Vojislav led a revolt that resulted in the independence of Duklja and the establishment of the Vojislavljević dynasty. On the basis of an independence referendum held on 21 May 2006, Montenegro declared independence on 3 June of that year.
When did Montenegro gain independence from the Ottoman Empire?
The Ottoman Empire recognized independence of Montenegro in the Treaty of Berlin in 1878. The first Montenegrin constitution (also known as the Danilo Code) was proclaimed in 1855. Under Nicholas I (ruled 1860–1918), the principality was enlarged several times in the Montenegro-Turkish Wars and was recognised as independent in 1878.
What was the capital of independent Montenegro?
Independent Montenegro of that time was divided in three parts: Old Montenegro, which had territory of modern-day towns of Cetinje and part of Danilovgrad. It was core of Montenegro and Cetinje was the capital. Montenegrin Prince-Bishops (Vladikas) lived and ruled from Cetinje.
What happened in the year 1613 in Montenegro?
In 1613 Arslan Pasha gathered army of over 40.000 men to attack part of Old Montenegro. Ottoman soldiers were twice as numerous as whole population of Old Montenegro. On 10 September the Montenegrins met the Turkish army, on the same spot Skenderbeg Crnojević was defeated nearly a century ago .
Why is the 13th of July celebrated in Montenegro?
The national day of 13 July marks the date in 1878 when the Congress of Berlin recognized Montenegro as the 27th independent state in the world and the start of one of the first popular uprisings in Europe against the Axis Powers on 13 July 1941 in Montenegro.