What is the antidote for aluminum phosphide?

What is the antidote for aluminum phosphide?

Unfortunately, there is no known antidote for aluminium phosphide intoxication, but our recent experience with a case showed that rapid prevention of absorption by coconut oil might be helpful.

What happens if you inhale aluminum phosphide?

Acute Health Effects The following acute (short-term) health effects may occur immediately or shortly after exposure to Aluminum Phosphide: * Contact can irritate the skin and eyes. * Breathing Aluminum Phosphide can irritate the nose and throat causing coughing and wheezing.

How is phosphine poisoning treated?

ANTIDOTE: There is no antidote for phosphine toxicity. EYE: Immediately remove the patient/victim from the source of exposure. Immediately wash eyes with large amounts of tepid water for at least 15 minutes.

Is aluminium phosphide poisonous to humans?

Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is a solid fumigant which has been extensively used since the 1940s. Human toxicity, which is usually acute, occurs due to the toxic effects of phosphine released in the stomach after ingestion of aluminium phosphide. Phosphine is widely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

What is wheat pills?

Wheat pills are used to preserve wheat grains. Wheat pills contain aluminium phosphide which is a well known, highly effective insecticide and rodenticide. Moisture in the air mixes with phosphide grains and sets off phosphine, the active form.

Can wheat pills cause death?

ABSTRACT… Purpose: The number of deaths due to wheat pill poisoning is enormous and despite aggressive management only a few patients survive the fatal effects of the wheat pill poison.

Is aluminum phosphide pesticide an inhalation hazard?

History Aluminum Phosphide Currently there are 23 products containing aluminum phosphide as the active ingredient registered as pesticides in the U.S. All of these aluminum phosphide products have been classified as restricted use due to “Inhalation Hazard to Humans” (40 CFR, §152.175).

Can Sulphas cause death?

It is being commonly used for committing suicide as it is inexpensive and easily available. By no means is it the only effective fumigant. Its ill-effects merit much more attention than the urea fertilizers used by terrorists in making bombs. It kills more people in northwest India than any other poison or explosive .

How do you take aluminum phosphide tablets?

2. Flat Storage Fumigation

1. Calculate the tablets as per grain quantity.
2. Keep windows, doors and ventilators open during the operation.
3. Insert the probe at 3-4ft into the grain and insert the tablets.
4. For gas tightness use tarpaulin sheet to cover all the food grain.
5. Close windows, doors and ventilators closed.

Why is phosphine poisonous?

Phosphine is known to be a strong reducing agent that causes oxidative stress, and the high-oxygen requirements of brain, heart, liver, and kidney may be why these organs are among the target organs of phosphide poisoning.

How do you detect aluminium phosphide poisoning?

The poison affects all systems, shock, cardiac arrhythmias with varied ECG changes and gastrointestinal features being the most prominent. Diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical suspicion, a positive silver nitrate paper test to phosphine, and gastric aspirate and viscera biochemistry.

How do you neutralize aluminum phosphide?

Sodium-bicarbonate mainly neutralizes the HCl and thus diminishing the catalytic reaction of phosphide with HCl, thereby inhibiting the release of phosphine. [16] Medicated liquid paraffin or coconut oil should be given immediately after ALP ingestion.

How does aluminum phosphide kill you?

Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is an effective and cheap pesticide that is commonly used worldwide, but it is also a common cause of human poisoning and carries a high mortality rate. AlP reacts with moisture in air, water, and hydrochloric acid in the stomach to produce phosphine (PH3) gas.

How is exposure to phosphine gas caused by aluminum phosphide exposure?

Exposure is also possible through the ingestion of commodities, such as grains and nut meats, treated with aluminum phosphide; these foods may contain residues of phosphine gas. Residues of phosphine gas in treated commodities are expected to be <0.004 ppm (limit of detection in several studies) following aeration. BENGT SJÖGREN,

What is the fatality rate of aluminum phosphate toxicity?

In the presence of moisture, aluminum phosphide releases phosphine, which is highly toxic. The fatality rate was 59\% among 195 patients admitted to a hospital in Northwest India.

How do you make phosphine from aluminum phosphide?

Phosphine is usually produced from either aluminum phosphide or magnesium phosphide in the presence of atmospheric moisture. This chemical reaction is as follows: metallic phosphide + 3H2O > metallic (OH)3 + phosphine gas.