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Basically, a social norm tells you what you’re supposed to do in any given situation. Breaking norms can result in a formal punishment, such as being fined or imprisoned, or an informal punishment, such as being stared at or shunned by others.
Social norms are standards, rules, guides and expectations for actual behaviour, whereas values are abstract conceptions of what is important and worthwhile. In brief, values are ends while norms are means to achieve these ends. Sometimes, the values and norms of a society conflict with each other.
What is social consensus?
Consensus theory is a social theory that holds a particular political or economic system as a fair system, and that social change should take place within the social institutions provided by it [1]. Consensus theory serves as a sociological argument for the furtherance and preservation of the status quo.
Why do we follow the norms of our society?
When we follow the norms of our society, we are participating to either maintain or challenge it. The idea of norms provides a key to understanding social influence in general. Norms provide order in society. It is difficult to see how human society could operate without social norms.
General Issues. Social norms, like many other social phenomena, are the unplanned result of individuals’ interaction. It has been argued that social norms ought to be understood as a kind of grammar of social interactions. Like a grammar, a system of norms specifies what is acceptable and what is not in a society or group.
Are rules and norms really the problem?
But as a behavioural scientist I believe that it is not really rules, norms and customs in general that are the problem – but the unjustified ones. The tricky and important bit, perhaps, is establishing the difference between the two. A good place to start is to imagine life in a world without rules.
More recently, also legal scholars have touted social norms as efficient alternatives to legal rules, as they may internalize negative externalities and provide signaling mechanisms at little or no cost (Ellickson 1991; Posner 2000). With a few exceptions, the social science literature conceives of norms as exogenous variables.