What happens if the pathogens get through the first line of Defence?

What happens if the pathogens get through the first line of Defence?

Pathogenic (disease-causing) microorganisms must make it past this first line of defence. If this defence is broken, the second line of defence within your body is activated. The skin is the largest organ of your body.

What happens if antigens get past the first lines of defense?

If an antigen gets past these barriers, it is attacked and destroyed by other parts of the immune system. Acquired immunity is immunity that develops with exposure to various antigens. Your immune system builds a defense against that specific antigen.

What happens after the second time you are exposed to a pathogen?

The first time we encounter a virus, some of our B cells become plasma cells, but others transform into memory B cells. The second time you’re exposed to the same pathogen, these memory cells quickly transform into plasma cells that produce large amounts of antigen-specific antibodies to fight the infection.

What happens when a pathogen enters the body?

After a pathogen enters the body, infected cells are identified and destroyed by natural killer (NK) cells, which are a type of lymphocyte that can kill cells infected with viruses or tumor cells (abnormal cells that uncontrollably divide and invade other tissue).

What is the body’s initial response to a pathogen?

If a pathogen does make it into the body, there are secondary nonspecific defenses that take place. An inflammatory response begins when a pathogen stimulates an increase in blood flow to the infected area. Blood vessels in that area expand, and white blood cells leak from the vessels to invade the infected tissue.

How does the human body defend itself against pathogens inside the body?

Your primary defense against pathogenic germs are physical barriers like your skin. You also produce pathogen-destroying chemicals, like lysozyme, found on parts of your body without skin, including your tears and mucus membranes.

What are the body’s first second and third lines of defense in the immune system?

The first line of defense are the physical and chemical barriers, which are considered functions of innate immunity. The third line of defense is specific resistance, which is considered a function of acquired immunity.

What characterizes the immune response after the second exposure to a pathogen?

The secondary response is characterized by early and vigorous generation of plasma cells, thus accounting for early profuse IgG production. Some B cells that have not yet undergone terminal differentiation can migrate into the follicle and become germinal center B cells.

When a pathogen enters the body it may be destroyed by phagocytosis describe how?

Once they have attached to the pathogen, the phagocyte’s cell membrane surrounds the pathogen and engulfs it. This means the pathogen is taken inside of the phagocyte. Enzymes found inside the phagocyte break down the pathogen and destroy it.