Table of Contents
What are branes in string theory?
brane, an object extended in one or more spatial dimensions, which arises in string theory and other proposed unified theories of quantum mechanics and general relativity.
What is a one dimensional string?
a one dimensional string was thought of as a zero dimensional point particle because of how small it was, and the more advanced mathematics behind the theory of strings. And energy is not a mathematical construct, its a real thing. You can have pure energy. Energy and mass are the same thing, just different forms.
How big is a string in string theory?
about 10-33 centimeters long
The strings of string theory are unimaginably small. Your average string, if it exists, is about 10-33 centimeters long. That’s a millionth of a billionth of a billionth of a billionth of a centimeter. If an atom were magnified to the size of the solar system, a string would be the size of a tree.
What are D branes made of?
In string theory, D-branes, short for Dirichlet membrane, are a class of extended objects upon which open strings can end with Dirichlet boundary conditions, after which they are named. D-branes are typically classified by their spatial dimension, which is indicated by a number written after the D.
Why can open strings only end on D-branes?
The condition that open strings can end on D-branes – and nowhere else – means that there exists a particular spectrum of open strings stretched between such D-branes. By quantizing these open strings, we obtain all the fields that propagate along (and in between) such D-branes.
What is the difference between a brane and a fundamental string?
Perturbatively, fundamental strings are more fundamental than branes or any other objects. In that old-fashioned description, D-branes are “solitons” – configurations of classical fields that arise from the closed strings.
What is the electric flux inside a D-brane?
The electric flux inside the D-branes may be viewed as a “fuzzy” continuation of the open strings that completes them to “de facto closed strings”. Those fields have superpartners in the case of the supersymmetric D-branes which are stable and the most important ones, of course.
Can D-branes be embedded in spacetime?
It follows that D-branes may be embedded into the spacetime – in any way. The shape oscillates according to a generalized wave equation again. Also, all D-branes carry electromagnetic fields F μ ν in them. These fields are excited by the endpoints of the open strings that behave as quarks (or antiquarks).