What is the drug rapamycin used for?
Rapamycin (Rapamune, Sirolimus) is a macrolide exhibiting potent antitumor and immunosuppressive activity [261,262]. Rapamycin is thus used in clinical settings to prevent rejection in organ transplantation and to treat certain types of cancer.
Where does rapamycin come from?
Rapamycin is produced by the soil bacterium Streptomyces hygroscopicus. The drug’s name comes from Rapa Nui, the indigenous name of Easter Island, where the compound was originally discovered in soil samples in the 1970s.
Is rapamycin a drug?
First, rapamycin and everolimus are FDA-approved drugs, safe for human use. Since 1999, rapamycin has been used by millions of patients with no unexpected problems.
Why was rapamycin on Easter Island?
Move over, Moai. Easter Island may now boast another odd claim to fame: a midlife longevity drug. Rapamycin has since been used to prevent organ rejection in transplant patients and, most recently, as an antitumor drug. The compound works by inhibiting mTOR, a protein that regulates cell growth and survival.
Who made rapamycin?
Surendra Nath Sehgal : a pioneer in rapamycin discovery. Indian J Cancer 54:697-8.
What is garamycin used to treat?
Garamycin is an antibiotic that fights bacteria. Garamycin is used to treat severe or serious bacterial infections. Garamycin may also be used for purposes not listed in this medication guide.
What is Enramycin for chickens used for?
Enramycin or Enduracidin is a polypeptide antibiotic produced by Streptomyces fungicidus. Enramycin is widely used as a feed additive for pigs and chickens to prevent necrotic enteritis induced by Gram-positive gut pathogens.
What is the difference between rapamycin and penicillin?
For rapamycin, less is more. Rapamycin, like penicillin, was the product of biologic warfare between bacteria and yeast. Like a mirror image, penicillin, discovered in 1928, was made by yeast to target bacteria, while Rapamycin, found in the soil of Easter Island in 1965, was made by bacteria to target yeast.
What does enramycin do to Murg?
Enramycin acts as an inhibitor of the enzyme, MurG, which is essential for cell wall biosynthesis in Gram-positive bacteria. MurG catalyzes the transglycosylation reaction in the last step of peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Inhibiting this step greatly compromises cell wall integrity leading to cell lysis.