Table of Contents
- 1 How does diabetes cause retinopathy pathophysiology?
- 2 Why does retinopathy develop in patients with type 2 diabetes?
- 3 How does diabetic retinopathy affect vision?
- 4 How does diabetes cause diabetic nephropathy?
- 5 How does diabetes affect the kidneys pathophysiology?
- 6 Which of the following are risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
- 7 What you should know about diabetic retinopathy?
- 8 What is the best treatment for diabetic retinopathy?
How does diabetes cause retinopathy pathophysiology?
Diabetic retinopathy, a major cause of blindness in developed countries, is characterised by hyperglycaemia, basement membrane thickening, pericyte loss, microaneurysms, IRMA and preretinal neovascularisation which can eventually lead to blindness through haemorrhage and tractional retinal detachment.
Why does retinopathy develop in patients with type 2 diabetes?
Diabetic retinopathy is caused by high blood sugar due to diabetes. Over time, having too much sugar in your blood can damage your retina — the part of your eye that detects light and sends signals to your brain through a nerve in the back of your eye (optic nerve). Diabetes damages blood vessels all over the body.
How are the eyes affected by type 2 diabetes?
Diabetes can lead to swelling in the macula, which is called diabetic macular edema. Over time, this disease can destroy the sharp vision in this part of the eye, leading to partial vision loss or blindness. Macular edema usually develops in people who already have other signs of diabetic retinopathy.
Which one of these is an early pathological feature of diabetic retinopathy?
Early clinical features of diabetic retinopathy include microaneurysms, dot and blot hemorrhages, cotton wool spots and intra-retinal microvascular anomalies (IRMAs) (Fig.
How does diabetic retinopathy affect vision?
The abnormal blood vessels associated with diabetic retinopathy stimulate the growth of scar tissue, which can pull the retina away from the back of the eye. This can cause spots floating in your vision, flashes of light or severe vision loss.
How does diabetes cause diabetic nephropathy?
Diabetic nephropathy causes Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Over time, poorly controlled diabetes can cause damage to blood vessel clusters in your kidneys that filter waste from your blood. This can lead to kidney damage and cause high blood pressure.
What happens when you have diabetic retinopathy?
Diabetic retinopathy is an eye condition that causes changes to the blood vessels in the part of your eye called the retina. That’s the lining at the back of your eye that changes light into images. The blood vessels can swell, leak fluid, or bleed, which often leads to vision changes or blindness.
What causes background retinopathy?
Background retinopathy is said to occur if you have developed microaneurysms on your retina. Microaneurysms are when there is a swelling of the capillaries (very small blood vessels) that feed the retina. The presence of relatively small numbers of microaneurysms will not usually cause problems with vision.
How does diabetes affect the kidneys pathophysiology?
Diabetes can harm the kidneys by causing damage to: Blood vessels inside your kidneys. The filtering units of the kidney are filled with tiny blood vessels. Over time, high sugar levels in the blood can cause these vessels to become narrow and clogged.
Which of the following are risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
Factors that may increase your risk of type 2 diabetes include:
- Weight. Being overweight or obese is a main risk.
- Fat distribution. Storing fat mainly in your abdomen — rather than your hips and thighs — indicates a greater risk.
- Inactivity.
- Family history.
- Race and ethnicity.
- Blood lipid levels.
- Age.
- Prediabetes.
What is diabetic retinopathy and what causes it?
Diabetic retinopathy (die-uh-BET-ik ret-ih-NOP-uh-thee) is a diabetes complication that affects eyes. It’s caused by damage to the blood vessels of the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye (retina). At first, diabetic retinopathy may cause no symptoms or only mild vision problems. Eventually, it can cause blindness.
What are the signs and symptoms of diabetic retinopathy?
Blurring or haziness of vision
What you should know about diabetic retinopathy?
Floaters,which appear as small gray spots floating around in your field of vision
What is the best treatment for diabetic retinopathy?
Laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy, called laser photocoagulation, works in part by creating tiny, painless retinal burns that seal off leaking vessels and reduce swelling. The number of burns the doctor makes and the number of treatments you need depend on the type and extent of your retinopathy and how well it responds to treatment.