How do you calculate the efficiency of a hydrogen fuel cell?
Calculating Fuel Cell System Efficiency The standard method for calculating the efficiency of a fuel cell power plant or other electrical generation device is to divide the electricity produced by the HHV of the fuel used.
What is the voltage generated by H2 O2 fuel cell?
0.7 V per cell
A H2-O2 fuel cell stack might operate at a voltage of 0.7 V per cell with 90\% fuel utilization efficiency.
What type of reaction is hydrogen fuel cells?
Similar to a battery, a fuel cell with a supply of hydrogen and oxygen can be used to power devices that use electricity. While both batteries and fuel cells convert chemical energy into electrical energy, batteries store this chemical energy inside the battery itself.
Is hydrogen fuel cell efficiency?
Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, which use electric motors, are much more energy efficient and use 40-60 percent of the fuel’s energy — corresponding to more than a 50\% reduction in fuel consumption, compared to a conventional vehicle with a gasoline internal combustion engine.
How is a hydrogen fuel cell made?
The basic construction of a hydrogen fuel cell consists of two electrodes, an electrolyte, a fuel (hydrogen) and a power supply. Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water and generate heat. At the anode, hydrogen is stripped of its electron and its proton is made to pass through the electrolyte.
How much power does a fuel cell produce?
The power produced by a fuel cell depends on several factors, including the fuel cell type, size, temperature at which it operates, and pressure at which gases are supplied. A single fuel cell produces approximately 1 volt or less — barely enough electricity for even the smallest applications.
How do you separate H2 and O2 in a fuel cell?
H2 and O2 require energy to separate. H2 and O2 will not spontaneously combine. A small ignition event is needed. Just like gasoline and air. In a fuel cell, the hydrogen is ionized when it crosses the cathode. After it migrates through the membrane, it combines with oxygen freely since it is already charged, and the anode completes the circuit.
What is the stoichiometry of a fuel cell?
The stoichiometry efines the ratio between reactant feed (into the fuel cell) and reactant consumption (inside the fuel cell). Due to fuel cell design and water management issues etc. the stoichiometry must always be more than one: = n_. feed.
How much hydrogen does it take to generate 1 kWh from hydrogen?
Hydrogen gas has a fuel value of about 33 kWh per kg. So, at 100\% efficiency, you would need 1/33 kg (about 0.03 kg) of hydrogen to get 1 kWh from a fuel cell. But is a fuel cell 100\% efficient? No. The theoretical maximum efficiency of a fuel cell is around 83\%.