Table of Contents
What are the functions of interleukin 1 and interleukin-2?
IL-1 and IL-2 are primarily responsible for activating T and B lymphocytes (white blood cells integral to bringing about the acquired immune response), with IL-2 being a stimulant of T- and B-cell growth and maturation.
What is the role of interleukin 1?
In general, Interleukin 1 is responsible for the production of inflammation, as well as the promotion of fever and sepsis. IL-1α inhibitors are being developed to interrupt those processes and treat diseases.
What is the role of interleukin-2?
Interleukin-2 is made by a type of T lymphocyte. It increases the growth and activity of other T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes, and affects the development of the immune system.
What does each interleukin do?
Interleukins have a variety of functions, but most are involved in directing other immune cells to divide and differentiate. Each interleukin acts on a specific, limited group of cells that express its cognate receptors.
What are interleukins immunology?
Interleukins (IL) are a type of cytokine first thought to be expressed by leukocytes alone but have later been found to be produced by many other body cells. They play essential roles in the activation and differentiation of immune cells, as well as proliferation, maturation, migration, and adhesion.
What is the function of IL 2 in the immune response?
Cytokines of the Immune System IL-2 has an immunoregulatory role; it promotes the growth and development of peripheral immune cells in the initiation of the (defensive) immune response, and keeps them alive as effector cells. However, later in the response it has a pro-apoptotic effect.
What is the function of interleukin 3?
IL-3 synergizes with other cytokines to stimulate the growth of immature progenitor cells of all lineages, and is therefore a multi-lineage colony-stimulating factor (CSF). It prevents cell death and promotes the survival of macrophages, mast cells, and megakaryocytes.
What cells produce Interleukin 2?
IL-2 is a typical four α helix cytokine and is produced primarily by activated CD4+ T cells, although expression by naive CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, and thymic cells has also been reported (8, 9, 10, 11). In T cells, IL-2 synthesis is tightly regulated at the mRNA level by signals from the TCR and CD28 (12).
What are interleukins produced by?
Interleukins (ILs) were first observed to be secreted from the white blood cells. Interleukins are secreted protein molecules made by the immune system and have many functions such as the development of T and B lymphocytes and other blood cells.
Do macrophages produce IL-2?
Interestingly, the kinetic of the IL-2 mRNA expression and of IL-2 protein production were similar. In contrast, macrophages are not able to produce IL-2 under these conditions (Granucci et al., 2001). Thus, the narrow window of transcription and secretion of IL-2 is unique to DCs.