How does an increase in temperature affect the position of equilibrium?
Increasing the temperature decreases the value of the equilibrium constant. If you increase the temperature, the position of equilibrium will move in such a way as to reduce the temperature again. It will do that by favoring the reaction which absorbs heat.
How does temperature affect the equilibrium position of a reversible reaction?
The forward reaction is exothermic (it gives off heat), so the backward reaction is endothermic (takes in heat). This means that if the temperature is increased, this favours the endothermic direction – so the position of equilibrium moves to the left.
Why does the Haber process use a temperature of 450 degrees and a pressure of 200 atmospheres?
A pressure of 200 atmospheres – chosen to give a decent yield and increased rate of reaction. A temperature of 450°C – chosen to give a decent yield and keep the rate of reaction high. This, combined with the use of the hot iron catalyst, means that a good yield of ammonia is produced constantly.
What factors affect the Haber process?
The reaction is a reversible reaction. However, the reaction is affected by changes in temperature, pressure and catalyst used mainly in the composition of the equilibrium mixture, the rate of the reaction and the economics of the whole process.
Why is high temperature used in Haber process?
If the temperature is increased, the equilibrium position moves in the direction of the endothermic reaction. So, as in the Haber process, a compromise temperature of 450 °C is chosen. Controlling pressure. If the pressure is increased, the equilibrium position moves in the direction of the fewest molecules of gas.
Why is a temperature lower that 450 500 c not used in the Haber’s process?
However, a too low temperature cannot be used because the rate of the reaction would be slowed down considerably. Thus a compromise temperature of 450 oC is used which is high enough for rate to be quite fast and low enough to get a relatively high yield of ammonia. A pressure of 200 atm is used for this reaction.
How does temperature affect the Haber process?
The effect of increasing temperature In the Haber process, the forwards reaction is exothermic , so the reverse reaction is endothermic. This means that as the temperature is increased, the position of equilibrium moves to the left, and the yield of ammonia decreases.
What temperature and pressure is used in the Haber process?
So, as in the Haber process, a compromise temperature of 450 °C is chosen. If the pressure is increased, the equilibrium position moves in the direction of the fewest molecules of gas. This means it moves to the right in the Contact process.
What happens when temperature increases in an endothermic reaction?
If the reaction is endothermic as written, an increase in temperature will cause the forward reaction to occur, increasing the amounts of the products and decreasing the amounts of reactants. Lowering the temperature will produce the opposite response. A change of temperature has no effect on an athermal reaction.