How does weight affect takeoff and landing performance?

How does weight affect takeoff and landing performance?

A heavier aircraft has a higher approach speed (1.3 VS, and stall speed is higher) and therefore needs more runway length to stop. The general rule of thumb here is that a 10\% increase in weight means 20\% more runway needed for takeoff and landing distance.

Is weight and balance required before each flight?

It doesn’t require that you do a weight and balance for each flight. If operating close to the weight and balance limits of an aircraft, a wise pilot will not only run the numbers to ensure compliance with aircraft operating limitations, but will also keep his or her computation in the event of a ramp check.

How does weight and balance work on a plane?

Ascertain from the pilot’s operating handbook the empty weight of the aircraft and determine the weights of people, baggage, and fuel. Multiply each weight by the arm—the distance from the reference datum—to find the moment. Add all the weights to find the gross weight. Add all the moments to find the total moment.

What is the significance of aircraft weight and balance as an aircraft maintenance technician?

The weight of an aircraft and its balance are extremely important for operating in a safe and efficient manner. When a manufacturer designs an aircraft and the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) certifies it, the specifications identify the aircraft’s maximum weight and the limits within which it must balance.

Can a plane be too heavy to land?

When a plane lands heavy, it’s very easy to hit the ground too hard and cause damage to the aircraft. This problem usually takes care of itself, however. Sometimes, however, in an emergency situation, a plane might be forced to land earlier than expected. And that’s when fuel dumping comes in.

How does weight affect flight?

When weight is increased on an aircraft, it needs to fly at a higher angle-of-attack to produce more lift, opposing the aircraft’s increase in weight. This increases both the induced drag created by the wings and the overall parasite drag on the aircraft.

Is a weight and balance required for Part 91?

While there are no specified requirements for a pilot operating under 14 CFR part 91 to conduct weight and balance calculations prior to each flight, 14 CFR part 91, section 91.9 requires the pilot in command (PIC) to comply with the operating limits in the approved AFM.